部分 1
部分 1 的 2:去除灰尘
1
不要揉眼睛。如果眼睛进了东西后再用手揉,可能就会划伤眼睛的表面。
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专家来源
WH.performance.clearMarks(‘image1_rendered’); WH.performance.mark(‘image1_rendered’);Kerry Assil, MD认证眼科医生
专家访谈. 4 September 2020.
相反,你应该尝试把眼睛里的异物冲洗出来。WH.performance.mark(‘step1_rendered’);
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眨眼睛。你可以不费什么力气就把灰尘弄出眼睛。发现眼里进了灰尘之后,多眨几次眼睛就好了,眼泪会把细菌和异物带出来。
如果简单的眨眼没有用,就捏住上眼皮盖住下眼皮,不停眨眼睛,下睫毛会把灰尘扫出眼睛。[2]
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可靠来源
University of Rochester Medical Center
前往来源
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洗手。如果灰尘还是出不来,你就需要用手了。但是,在触碰眼睛之前要先洗手,以降低眼睛被细菌和额外刺激物感染的可能性。眼睛是很脆弱的,小心不要刚把灰尘弄出来,就又让它受感染了。
用抗菌肥皂和温水洗干净手,然后用干毛巾擦干。[3]
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研究来源
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吸掉眼泪。眼睛里有灰尘的时候,眼泪就会增多。你可以闭上眼,用纸巾轻轻按压眼睛,眼泪会把灰尘带出来。
眼泪能够把整个眼睛清洗干净。
不要揉眼睛,用纸巾轻轻吸掉溢出的泪水。[4]
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可靠来源
University of Rochester Medical Center
前往来源
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检查眼睛。扒开下眼皮,仔细看看眼睑内是否有异物,再扒开上眼皮,检查眼球上有无异物。
如果想要检查眼皮底下,就用棉签翻开上眼皮,[5]
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研究来源
检查眼皮内是否有异物。[6]
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可靠来源
Mayo Clinic
前往来源
如果你找不到灰尘在哪里,可以叫朋友或是家人来帮你。
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去除灰尘。如果灰尘就在眼皮内,或是容易碰到的地方,可以用棉签清理。用一根干净的棉签沾掉灰尘,一次不行就多沾几次。
千万不要用棉签戳眼睛,或是用力擦掉灰尘。这反而可能把灰尘弄进眼睑。如果沾不掉,就试试其它方法。
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冲洗眼睛。眨眼和棉签都没有用的话,就冲洗眼睛吧。你可以用非处方无菌洗眼液,或是直接用杯子往眼内倒干净的水来冲洗眼睛。扒开眼睛,持续冲洗15分钟,灰尘出来后,继续冲洗,可以有效地清理掉其它异物。[7]
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研究来源
如果眼睛里有异物,最好是用人工泪液把它冲出来。要是异物划伤了眼睛,自来水里可能含有的微生物就容易引起眼睛感染。[8]
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专家来源
Kerry Assil, MD认证眼科医生
专家访谈. 4 September 2020.
但要是只有自来水,那么也可以使用。
你也可以用手指把眼睛撑开,然后利用水龙头的压力把异物轻轻冲出来。[9]
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可靠来源
Mayo Clinic
前往来源
用pH值为7.0的洗眼液。水温最好保持在16度至38度之间,以确保眼睛舒适。[10]
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可靠来源
US Occupational Safety and Health Administration
前往来源
如果你有洗眼杯(在大部分药店可以买到),可以用它来洗眼睛。
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就医。如果你始终无法去除眼睛内的灰尘或其它异物,要赶快就医。有以下任何问题应该立即就医:[11]
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可靠来源
Mayo Clinic
前往来源
无法清理出灰尘
灰尘嵌入眼睛
视力模糊或视觉异常
去除灰尘后,眼睛仍然疼痛、发红或是难受
眼睛充血、头晕、目眩、恶心、呕吐、头痛
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部分 2
部分 2 的 2:保护眼睛
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做好眼睛会很难受的心理准备。清理掉灰尘后,你可能还会有一些不舒服,这时候眼睛发痒或是难受都是正常的。这也是自愈过程的一部分,可能需要24小时才能完全康复。[12]
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研究来源
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保护好眼睛。在康复期间,做好预防措施保护眼睛,因为这时候的眼睛十分敏感。保护措施包括:
戴墨镜,保护眼睛免受紫外线或强光伤害。
除非医生允许,否则不要佩戴隐形眼镜。
避免用手触碰眼睛,接触前要先洗手。
如果眼睛出现新的症状,或是疼痛开始变得无法忍受,要立刻告知医生。
如果一天过后,眼睛仍然发痒或难受,要咨询医生。
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寻求帮助。如果眼睛情况恶化,就需要看专科医生了。有一些小症状很正常,但超过24小时就表示眼睛可能有了更大的问题,或是引发了感染。这些症状包括:
视力模糊、视觉重影
持续疼痛或是疼痛加剧
虹膜充血
对光敏感
感染症状[13]
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研究来源
恶心、呕吐
头痛、头晕
头昏眼花、失去意识[14]
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可靠来源
University of Rochester Medical Center
前往来源
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避免情况恶化。有些行为可能会严重伤害眼睛,引起疼痛,包括:[15]
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可靠来源
Mayo Clinic
前往来源
取出嵌入眼内的金属物(无论大小)
为弄出灰尘而用力压迫眼睛
使用镊子、牙签或其它坚硬物体来去除灰尘
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